Genetic Testing for Cancer: Is It Worth the Cost? A Guide to Precision Medicine
- MedBridge NZ
- 18 hours ago
- 4 min read
Key Takeaways
Purpose: The main goal of genetic testing for cancer is to identify specific mutations that can be treated with targeted therapy, which is more precise and often has fewer side effects than chemotherapy.
High Priority: Testing is essential for Lung Adenocarcinoma (especially in non-smokers), Colorectal Cancer, and Breast Cancer, where targetable mutations are common.
Low Priority: Testing is generally not recommended for Liver, Kidney, Prostate, or Bladder cancers, as the probability of finding a target is very low (1-5%).
Cost Efficiency: Expensive "Whole Genome Sequencing" is often unnecessary. Targeted panels (e.g., testing specifically for EGFR) are more economical and clinically sufficient.
Accuracy: Tissue samples (biopsies) are the gold standard for genetic testing for cancer, offering higher accuracy than blood samples.
Introduction: The Dilemma of Genetic Testing
"I spent nearly 20,000 RMB ($2,800 USD) on genetic testing for cancer, but found no suitable targeted drugs."
This is a common complaint heard by oncologists. Many patients feel that if they don't find a match, the money was wasted. However, understanding the purpose and strategy behind testing is crucial for effective treatment.
In this guide, based on insights from Dr. Tang at Changsha Yuelu District People's Hospital, we break down the complex world of genetic testing for cancer, explaining why it is done, which cancers benefit most, and how to spend your medical budget wisely.
1. Why Perform Genetic Testing for Cancer? Finding the Right Target
To put it simply, the primary goal of performing genetic testing for cancer is to find a specific target for Targeted Therapy.
Unlike traditional chemotherapy, which attacks rapidly dividing cells indiscriminately, targeted drugs act like "precision missiles." They lock onto specific genetic mutations (targets) within the tumor cells.
The Advantages of Targeted Therapy:
High Precision: Attacks cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue.
Fewer Side Effects: Generally better tolerated than chemotherapy.
Longer Effectiveness: Can often control the disease for a longer duration.
If testing reveals a mutation with a corresponding drug, patients—even those with late-stage cancer or metastasis (brain, bone)—can see significant improvements in their quality of life and survival time.
2. Which Tumors Require Genetic Testing for Cancer?
This is the most critical question for patients. Not all cancers are created equal regarding genetic drivers. Knowing which tumors require genetic testing for cancer can save you significant time and money.
✅ The "Must-Do" List:
Lung Cancer (Specifically Adenocarcinoma): This is the highest priority, especially for female non-smokers. There is a 50% to 60% probability of finding a targetable mutation (like EGFR). Finding a target here can turn a terminal diagnosis into a manageable chronic condition.
Colorectal Cancer: Testing for KRAS mutations is essential to determine if drugs like Cetuximab or Bevacizumab will be effective.
Breast Cancer: Testing for HER2 expression is standard protocol to see if the patient qualifies for Herceptin (Trastuzumab).
❌ The "Low Priority" List:
Liver Cancer, Kidney Cancer, Prostate Cancer, Bladder Cancer: generally, genetic testing for cancer is not highly recommended for these types. The probability of finding a useful therapeutic target is very low (often 1% - 5%).
While some argue that rare targets (like NTRK or BRAF) exist, they are low-probability events. Patients should weigh the cost against the slim chance of success.
3. The Cost of Genetic Testing for Cancer: Avoiding Unnecessary Expenses
A major misconception is that "more expensive is better." Some patients opt for "Whole Genome Sequencing," costing between 20,000 to 50,000 RMB ($3,000 - $7,000 USD).
Is it necessary? Usually, no.
For example, a lung cancer patient might only need to test for the 11 core genes associated with approved therapies. If budget is a major concern, testing for a single gene like EGFR might only cost 600–1,000 RMB and covers the most likely mutation.
Dr. Tang’s Advice: Focus on clinically relevant panels that are economical and practical. Unless you have unlimited resources, avoid expensive, comprehensive panels that offer little additional clinical value for your specific cancer type.
4. Tissue vs. Blood Samples in Genetic Testing
When performing genetic testing for cancer, the Gold Standard is a Tissue Sample (biopsy or surgical resection).
Liquid biopsy (drawing blood) is an option, but it should only be used when a tissue sample cannot be obtained. Blood samples are generally less accurate and have lower sensitivity compared to analyzing the tumor tissue directly.
Navigating Medical Options in China
Understanding medical protocols in China can be complex for international patients. While the treatments discussed here—such as advanced targeted therapies and affordable genetic testing for cancer—are readily available in China, navigating the healthcare system requires local expertise.
MedBridgeNZ serves as your bridge. As a dedicated medical concierge provider, we specialize in Medical Tourism China.
Please note: MedBridgeNZ is a concierge service and does not provide medical services directly. We connect you with top-tier hospitals and specialists, helping you access high-quality, cost-effective care. Whether you need help arranging appointments, translating medical records, or planning your logistics, we ensure your journey is smooth.
For more information on specialists or to inquire about treatment accessibility in China, please visit our website at https://www.medbridgenz.com/.
About the Author
Dr. Tang
Oncologist / Attending Physician
Changsha Yuelu District People's Hospital (Huxiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Oncology Hospital)
The hospital was established in 1956 and is a renowned institution for oncology, offering "one-stop" multi-disciplinary diagnosis and treatment (MDT). They are committed to providing comprehensive, individualized, and precise treatment for patients.
References
Original Video: 肿瘤基因检测到底做不做？ (To Do or Not to Do: Genetic Testing for Tumors?)
Source: Douyin (TikTok China) - Changsha Yuelu District People's Hospital Official Account
